Method of forming chaplets and the like



Jan. 30, 1934. c R E 1,945,358

METHOD OF FORMING CHAPLETS AND THE LIKE Filed March 21, 1928 75 5, MMMM Patented 30, 1934 1,945,358 LIETHOD OF FORBHIIYEKECHAPLETS AND THE Charles Greif Raible, Shaker Heights, Ohio, as-

signor to The Fanncr Manufacturing Company, Cleveland, Ohio, .a corporation of Ohio Application March 21, 1928. Serial No, 263,382 6 Claims. (or 78-81) This invention relates to chaplets such as are used in metal foundries for the purpose of positioning a core in a mold.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a chaplet which may be readily removed from the finished casting, as for instance, in a tumbling machine or where desired by hand.

A further object of the invention is to provide a chaplet of the type referred to, wherein the metal forming the stem of the chaplet has been weakened at the desired location by causing the metal at that point to be stressedbeyond its elastic limit whereby the same is rendered brittle, thereby permitting the stem to be removed or broken off with slight force applied at the weakened location as desired.

With the objects above indicated and other objects hereinafter explained in view, my invention consists in the forming of a chaplet and the article of manufacture, as hereinafter de-. scribed and. claimed.

Referring to the drawing,

Figure 1 illustrates a chaplet embodying the invention associated with a casting.

Figure 2 illustrates the manner in which the metal of the stem is stressed to substantially its elastic limit.

Figure 3 is a view showing the relationship of the dies and the stem of the chaplet.

Figures 4 to 9 inclusive show stems being provided with nicks of various angles.

In the drawing, 10 indicates-the stem of a chaplet preferably formed of round stock and which has secured thereto or formed integral therewith a head 12 which is fiat and may be rectangular or otherwise in shape.

The chaplet is used principally for supporting and positioning a core within a mold, a portion of the stem being severable at a point adjacent to the surface of the casting, thus leaving the embedded portion of the stem within the finished casting.

It is important to be able to remove the extended portion of the chaplet from the casting 45 very readily and without much effort, in fact the stem shouud be so formed that either by a tumbling operation of the castings or a brushing operation the stems will be broken ofi'adjacent the surface of the castings.

To be able to readily remove the stems 10 from the finished castings 15, nicks 13 are provided thereon in a suitable location and in such a manher as to stress the material adjacent the nicks beyond its elastic limit and render the same brittle; while four nicks of substantially V-shape spaced approximately apart are herein shown and extend in a plane transversely of the stem, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the number of nicks employed but is broad enough to include a stressing of the ma.- terial at a point in the stem beyond its elastic limit to render the same brittle. The nicks 13 are positioned a suitable distance from the head 12 so that they will ordiarily be adjacent the surface of the finished casting 15 when the portions 14 of the stems beyond the nicks are embedded therein. The extended portions 14 may be provided with the anchor nicks 16 where desired. It will, therefore, be readily seen that by a tumbling operation or a brushing operation the portions of the stems 10 above the nicks 13 will be broken ofi, thereby leaving a clean surface upon the casting. If desired, the severed ends of the stems adjacent the surface of the casting may be peened over to provide a smooth surface.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the nicks 13 may be formed by dies 1'7 having tapered ends adapted to form the V-shaped nicks 13 by being moved into engagement with the stems 10. It has been found in actual practice that the best results are obtained by using rather blunt dies. It has further been found that to obtain the best results the angle of the nicks should be preferably between 40 and 90, although other angles may be employed.

It is not merely the provision of the nicks 13 upon the stems 10 that makes the breaking off from the casting possible but the manner in which the nicks are formed upon the stems and .the reaction upon the metal forming the stems when the tapered ends of the dies are moved into engagement with the stems preferably under pressure. The metal adjacent the nicks is stressed in the direction indicated by the force lines 18, thereby stressing the metal beyond its elastic limit and rendering the metal at this point extremely brittle so that when force is applied transversely of the sum the latter will break at the point stressed and at no other place. The action upon the metal is similar to the continuous bending of a piece of wire or rod back and fortli until it is weakened at the point of bending due to a fracture of the material andsubsequently breaks, the metal having been stressed beyond its elastic limit and thus becomes brittle.

It is, therefore, found that the stems of the chaplets are readily removed from the casting by very slight force applied thereto due to the brittleness of the metal of the stems adjacent the nicked portion.

While I have disclosed the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that I am not to be limited thereto, as other ways for carrying out the invention may present themselves without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. The method of making chaplets having a head and stem portion, which comprises producing a portion of reduced transverse area on the stem which is rendered brittle due to the fact that the material adjacent the reduced portion has been stressed beyond its elastic limit.

2. The method of making chaplets having a head and stem portion of substantially uniform transverse area, which comprises forming a portion on the stem of reduced cross-sectional area which is rendered brittle by stressing the material adjacent the reduced portion beyond its elastic limit.

3. The method of making chaplets having a head and stem portion, which comprises subjecting the stem to pressure to thereby provide diametrically opposite nicks upon the stem in sub- 5. A chaplet comprising a head and a metal stem connected thereto, said stem having a breakoff portion of reduced cross-sectional area the metal of which has been stressed beyond its elastic limit to render the same more frangible.

6. A chaplet comprising a head, a stem connected thereto, and inwardly extending depressions in said stem in substantially a transverse plane, the portion of said stem between said depressions being stressed beyond its elastic limit.

' CHARLES GREIF RAIBLE. 

